Nigeria’s central bank on Tuesday raised the benchmark interest rate by 150 basis points to 13 per cent, its first hike in more than two years, to combat rising inflation, sending markets tumbling.
The move surprised analysts and traders who expected the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) to keep the rate on hold.
But Governor Godwin Emefiele told a news briefing that the rate hike was necessary to tame inflation, which quickened to 16.82 per cent in April, its highest in eight months, amid a fragile economic recovery.
Six members of the MPC voted to increase the main lending rate by 150 basis points, four of them by 100 basis points and one by 50 basis points.
It was the biggest rate hike since July 2016 when the central bank increased rates by 200 basis points.
“(MPC members) felt that tightening will help rein in inflation before it assumes a galloping trend,” Emefiele said.
“The committee decided to raise monetary policy rate for the first time in two and a half years to rein in the current rise in inflation as members were of the view that the continued uptrend may adversely impact growth.”
Food and energy prices are rising in Africa’s most populous country after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine pushed up oil prices and disrupted supplies of commodities like corn and wheat.
The rate hike sent the yield on Nigeria’s longest 30-year bond soaring 75 basis points to 13.8 per cent. Overnight lending rates climbed 200 basis points to 14 per cent while the main share index (.NGSEINDEX) fell to a two-week low.
Razia Khan, chief economist for Africa and the Middle East at Standard Chartered, said the rate increase raised questions about whether this could be a precursor to a change in the central bank’s policy on foreign exchange.
“This could be the most important signal yet of eventual foreign exchange policy intentions … but we will not really know until we see whether and how much market rates reprice,” she said.
The naira recovered from a record low of 609 on the black market to N606 against the dollar after the hike but it weakened to N443.50 on the official market from N413.80 and later traded at N417.
