Up to 300,000 people have now been displaced by the fighting between Sunni militants and security forces in Iraq’s western province of Anbar, the UN says.
Militants led by the jihadist Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) took over parts of the cities of Falluja and Ramadi in late December.
The number displaced by the unrest is the highest since the peak of the sectarian insurgency from 2006 to 2008.
A further 1.1 million internally displaced people (IDPs) have still not returned to communities in Iraq wracked by violence since 2003.
The UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) said some 50,000 families had fled their homes since clashes erupted in Ramadi and Falluja after security forces dismantled a long-standing anti-government protest camp led by the Sunni Arab community.
While security forces backed by pro-government tribesmen have made steady progress in retaking areas of Ramadi, they have not launched an offensive to recapture Falluja, fearing a repeat of the two bloody urban battles US troops fought in the city in 2004.
Troops backed by pro-government tribesmen have made steady progress against militants in Ramadi
Over the weekend, Anbar Governor Ahmed al-Dulaimi gave the militants a week to surrender, but said officials would not negotiate with ISIS.
“With the conflict in Anbar continuing UN agencies continue to receive reports of civilian casualties and sustained hardship in communities impacted by the fighting and the influx of internally displaced persons,” said UNHCR spokeswoman Melissa Fleming.
Most of the displaced had fled to outlying communities in Anbar province, while 60,000 had ended up in more distant provinces, she added. Many are living in schools, mosques and other public buildings and urgently needed humanitarian aid.
In Anbar, Ms Fleming said access remained a challenge, citing reports that a consignment of World Health Organisation (WHO) medical supplies had been detained at an Iraqi army checkpoint since 30 January. Many bridges have also been destroyed and roads blocked.
